Cryogenic iska rabuwa samar da nitrogen hanya ce ta gargajiya ta samar da nitrogen tare da tarihin shekaru da yawa. Yana amfani da iska a matsayin ɗanyen abu, yana matsawa da tsarkake shi, sannan yana amfani da musanyar zafi don sanya iska ta zama iska mai ruwa. Ruwan iska shine gauraye na ruwa oxygen da ruwa nitrogen. Yin amfani da wuraren tafasa daban-daban na iskar oxygen da ruwa nitrogen, ana samun nitrogen ta hanyar raba su ta hanyar distillation na iska mai ruwa.
Gudun tsari na al'ada
Dukkanin tsarin ya ƙunshi matsawa iska da tsarkakewa, rabuwar iska, da vaporization na ruwa na nitrogen.
1. Matsewar iska da tsarkakewa
Bayan an tsaftace iska daga ƙura da ƙazanta na inji ta hanyar tace iska, sai ta shiga cikin injin kwampreso, ana matsawa zuwa matsin da ake buƙata, sannan a aika zuwa na'urar sanyaya iska don rage zafin iska. Daga nan sai ta shiga injin tsabtace iska don cire danshi, carbon dioxide, acetylene da sauran hydrocarbons a cikin iska.
2. Rabuwar iska
Iskar da aka tsarkake tana shiga babban mai musayar zafi a cikin hasumiya ta rabuwa, ana sanyaya shi zuwa madaidaicin zafin jiki ta iskar iskar gas (samfurin nitrogen, iskar gas), kuma ana aika zuwa kasan hasumiya ta distillation. Ana samun Nitrogen a saman hasumiya, kuma ana murƙushe iskar ruwa a aika da shi Yana shiga cikin mazugi don ƙafewa, kuma a lokaci guda, wani ɓangare na nitrogen da aka aika daga hasumiya mai gyara yana tashe. Ana amfani da wani ɓangare na ruwa mai nitjin a matsayin ruwan reflux na hasumiya mai gyara, kuma ɗayan ɓangaren ana amfani da shi azaman samfurin nitrogen na ruwa kuma yana barin hasumiya ta rabuwa.
Gas mai shaye-shaye daga na'urar fitarwa yana sake yin zafi zuwa kusan 130K ta babban mai musayar zafi kuma ya shiga faɗaɗa don faɗaɗawa da firiji don samar da ƙarfin sanyaya don hasumiya ta rabuwa. Ana amfani da wani ɓangare na iskar gas ɗin da aka faɗaɗa don sabuntawa da sanyaya simintin ƙwayoyin cuta, sa'an nan kuma a fitar da shi ta wurin mai shiru. yanayi.
3. Ruwan nitrogen vaporization
Ana adana nitrogen mai ruwa daga hasumiya na rabuwar iska a cikin tankin ajiyar ruwa na nitrogen. Lokacin da aka duba kayan aikin rabuwar iska, nitrogen na ruwa a cikin tankin ajiya ya shiga cikin tururi kuma yana zafi kafin a aika shi zuwa samfurin nitrogen bututun.
Cryogenic nitrogen samar zai iya samar da nitrogen tare da tsarki na ≧99.999%.
tsarki
Cryogenic nitrogen samar zai iya samar da nitrogen tare da tsarki na ≧99.999%. Tsaftar Nitrogen yana iyakance ta wurin nauyin nitrogen, adadin trays, ingancin tire da tsabtar iskar oxygen a cikin iska mai ruwa, da sauransu, kuma kewayon daidaitawa kadan ne.
Sabili da haka, don saitin kayan aikin samar da nitrogen na cryogenic, tsabtataccen samfurin yana da tabbas kuma ba shi da daɗi don daidaitawa.
Babban kayan aikin da aka haɗa a cikin na'urar janareta na nitrogen na cryogenic
1. Tace iska
Domin rage lalacewa na injin da ke motsi a cikin injin kwampreso da kuma tabbatar da ingancin iska, kafin iskar ta shiga cikin injin damfara, dole ne ta fara wucewa ta hanyar tace iska don cire kura da sauran dattin da ke cikinta. Shan iskar damfarar iska galibi suna amfani da matattarar ingantaccen inganci ko madaidaicin tacewa.
2. Air Compressor
Bisa ga ka'idar aiki, za a iya raba compressors na iska zuwa kashi biyu: volumetric da sauri. Kwamfutocin iska galibi suna amfani da kwampreshin iska mai jujjuyawar piston, damfarar iska na centrifugal da dunƙule kwamfaran iska.
3. Na'urar sanyaya iska
Ana amfani da shi don rage zafin iskar da aka matse kafin a shigar da injin bushewar iska da hasumiya ta rabuwa da iska, da guje wa babban juzu'i a yanayin zafin da ke shiga hasumiya, kuma yana iya hado mafi yawan danshi a cikin matsewar iska. Na'urar sanyaya ruwa na Nitrogen (wanda ya ƙunshi hasumiya mai sanyaya ruwa da hasumiya mai sanyaya iska: hasumiya mai sanyaya ruwa tana amfani da iskar iskar gas daga hasumiyar rabuwa ta iska don sanyaya ruwan da ke gudana, kuma hasumiya mai sanyaya iska tana amfani da ruwan da ke yawo daga hasumiya mai sanyaya ruwa don kwantar da ruwa. iska), Freon iska mai sanyaya.
4. Na'urar busar da iska da purifier
Har yanzu iskar da aka matse tana ƙunshe da ɗanɗano, carbon dioxide, acetylene da sauran hydrocarbons bayan wucewa ta cikin na'urar sanyaya iska. Danshi mai daskarewa da carbon dioxide da aka ajiye a cikin hasumiya ta rabuwa za su toshe tashoshi, bututu da bawuloli. Acetylene yana tarawa a cikin ruwa oxygen kuma akwai haɗarin fashewa. Kurar za ta ƙare injinan aiki. Don tabbatar da aikin aminci na dogon lokaci na sashin rabuwar iska, dole ne a saita kayan aikin tsarkakewa na musamman don cire waɗannan ƙazanta. Mafi yawan hanyoyin tsabtace iska sune adsorption da daskarewa. Ana amfani da hanyar adsorption sive na ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin ƙanana da matsakaitan masu samar da nitrogen a China.
5. Hasumiyar rabuwar iska
Hasumiyar rabuwar iska ta ƙunshi babban mai musanya zafi, ruwan sha, hasumiyar distillation, condensing evaporator, da sauransu. Wani sabon nau'in haɗaɗɗiyar mai musayar zafi ce tare da tsarin ƙarfe duka-aluminum. Matsakaicin bambancin zafin jiki yana da ƙanƙanta kuma ƙimar musayar zafi ya kai 98-99%. Hasumiyar distillation kayan aikin raba iska ne. Ana rarraba nau'ikan kayan aikin hasumiya bisa ga sassan ciki. Tower din sieve plate tower da farantin karfe shi ake kira da sieve plate tower, bubble cap tower mai bubble cap platinan bubble cap tower, da kuma makin da aka tara kaya ana kiran shi da sieve plate tower. Farantin sieve yana da tsari mai sauƙi, yana da sauƙin ƙira, kuma yana da babban aikin farantin, don haka ana amfani dashi da yawa a cikin hasumiya mai jujjuyawar iska. An fi amfani da hasumiya masu ɗimbin yawa don hasumiya mai distillation mai diamita ƙasa da 0.8m kuma tsayin da bai wuce 7m ba. A yanzu ba kasafai ake amfani da hasumiya mai kumfa ba saboda hadadden tsarinsu da matsalolin masana'antu.
6. Turboexpander
Na'ura ce mai jujjuyawar ruwa da masu samar da nitrogen ke amfani da ita don samar da makamashin sanyi. Turbin iskar gas ne da ake amfani da shi a ƙarƙashin ƙananan yanayin zafi. Turboexpanders an kasu kashi axial kwarara nau'in, centripetal radial kwarara irin da centripetal radial kwarara irin bisa ga kwarara shugabanci na gas a cikin impeller; bisa ga ko iskar gas ya ci gaba da fadada a cikin impeller, an raba shi zuwa nau'in counterattack da nau'in tasiri. Ci gaba da faɗaɗa shine nau'in martani. nau'in, ba ya ci gaba da fadada kuma ya zama nau'in tasiri. Single-mataki radial axial kwarara tasiri turbine expanders ana amfani da ko'ina a cikin iska rabuwa kayan aiki. The cryogenic iska rabuwa nitrogen janareta yana da hadaddun kayan aiki, babban yanki, high kayayyakin more rayuwa halin kaka, high lokaci daya zuba jari a kayan aiki, high aiki halin kaka, jinkirin samar da iskar gas (12 zuwa 24 hours), high shigarwa bukatun, da kuma dogon sake zagayowar. Yin la'akari da kayan aiki, shigarwa da abubuwan abubuwan more rayuwa, ma'aunin saka hannun jari na kayan aikin PSA tare da ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun kayan aiki da ke ƙasa da 3500Nm3 / h shine 20% zuwa 50% ƙasa da na kayan aikin rabuwar iska na cryogenic. Na'urar janareta nitrogen ta cryogenic ta dace da samar da nitrogen mai girma na masana'antu, amma matsakaici da ƙananan samar da nitrogen ba su da tasiri.
Lokacin aikawa: Fabrairu-27-2024
