Ƙididdigar ƙididdiga masu dacewa da aka yi amfani da su wajen samar da fastener:
1. Ƙididdigewa da haƙurin diamita na farar zaren waje na bayanin martaba 60° (National Standard GB 197/196)
a. Ƙididdigar ƙididdiga na asali na girman diamita
Matsakaicin girman diamita na farar zaren = babban diamita na zaren - ƙimar ƙimar ƙimar ƙima.
Bayanin tsari: d/DP×0.6495
Misali: Lissafin diamita na farar zaren M8 na waje
8-1.25×0.6495=8-0.8119≈7.188
b. Haƙurin jurewar diamita na zaren waje na 6h da aka saba amfani da shi (dangane da farar)
Ƙimar mafi girma ita ce "0"
Ƙimar ƙarancin iyaka shine P0.8-0.095 P1.00-0.112 P1.25-0.118
P1.5-0.132 P1.75-0.150 P2.0-0.16
P2.5-0.17
Ƙididdigar ƙididdiga ta sama ita ce girman asali, kuma ƙananan ƙididdiga ƙididdiga d2-hes-Td2 shine ainihin diamita-haƙuri-raguwa.
M8's 6h kimar farar diamita na haƙuri darajar: ƙimar iyaka ta sama 7.188 ƙimar ƙarancin ƙima: 7.188-0.118=7.07.
C. Bambanci na asali na diamita na zaren waje mai matakin 6g da aka saba amfani da shi: (dangane da farar)
P 0.80-0.024 P 1.00-0.026 P1.25-0.028 P1.5-0.032
P1.75-0.034 P2-0.038 P2.5-0.042
Ƙimar ƙima ta babba ƙima d2-ges shine ainihin girman-bangaɗi
Ƙimar ƙima mafi ƙanƙanta d2-ges-Td2 shine ainihin juzu'in girman-bangare
Misali, ƙimar haƙuri na diamita na 6g na M8: ƙimar iyaka ta sama: 7.188-0.028=7.16 da ƙananan ƙimar iyaka: 7.188-0.028-0.118=7.042.
Lura: ① Abubuwan haƙurin zaren da ke sama sun dogara ne akan zaren mara nauyi, kuma akwai wasu canje-canje a cikin jurewar zaren zaren lafiya, amma kawai juriya ne mafi girma, don haka sarrafawa bisa ga wannan ba zai wuce ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun bayanai ba, don haka ba su kasance ba. alama daya bayan daya a sama. fita.
② A cikin ainihin samarwa, diamita na sanda mai gogewa na 0.04-0.08 ya fi girma fiye da diamita na firam ɗin da aka tsara bisa ga daidaiton buƙatun ƙira da ƙarfin extrusion na kayan aiki na zaren. Wannan ita ce ƙimar diamita na sanda mai gogewar zaren. Misali Diamita na kamfanin mu M8 na waje zaren 6g mai goge sanda mai gogewa shine ainihin 7.08-7.13, wanda ke cikin wannan kewayon.
③ Yin la'akari da buƙatun tsarin samarwa, ƙananan iyaka na iyakar ikon sarrafa diamita na ainihin samar da zaren waje ba tare da maganin zafi ba da kuma kula da saman ya kamata a kiyaye shi a matakin 6h kamar yadda zai yiwu.
2. Ƙididdigewa da juriya na firam diamita na 60° zaren ciki (GB 197/196)
a. Jurewar diamita na madauri mai lamba 6H (dangane da farar)
Babban iyaka:
P0.8+0.125 P1.00+0.150 P1.25+0.16 P1.5+0.180
P1.25+0.00 P2.0+0.212 P2.5+0.224
Ƙimar ƙarancin iyaka shine "0",
Ƙimar ƙimar ƙima ta babba 2+TD2 shine girman asali + haƙuri.
Misali, diamita na zaren ciki na M8-6H shine: 7.188+0.160=7.348. Ƙimar iyaka mafi girma: 7.188 ita ce ƙananan ƙimar iyaka.
b. Ƙididdigar ƙididdiga don ainihin diamita na zaren ciki iri ɗaya ne da na zaren waje.
Wato, D2 = DP × 0.6495, wato, diamita na firam na zaren ciki yana daidai da babban diamita na zaren - ƙimar ƙima × ƙima.
c. Bambancin asali na farar diamita na zaren sa na 6G E1 (dangane da farar)
P0.8+0.024 P1.00+0.026 P1.25+0.028 P1.5+0.032
P1.75+0.034 P1.00+0.026 P2.5+0.042
Misali: M8 6G grade na ciki na firam diamita babba iyaka: 7.188+0.026+0.16=7.374
Ƙimar ƙarancin iyaka: 7.188+0.026=7.214
Ƙimar ƙimar ƙima ta sama 2+GE1+TD2 shine ainihin girman girman diamita+bangaɗi+haƙuri
Matsakaicin ƙimar ƙimar ƙarancin ƙima 2+GE1 shine girman diamita na farar + karkacewa
3. Lissafi da juriya na babban diamita na zaren waje (GB 197/196)
a. Babban iyaka na 6h babban diamita na zaren waje
Wato, ƙimar diamita na zaren. Misali, M8 shine φ8.00 kuma mafi girman iyakar haƙuri shine “0″.
b. Ƙarƙashin iyakar haƙuri na babban diamita na 6h na zaren waje (dangane da farar)
P0.8-0.15 P1.00-0.18 P1.25-0.212 P1.5-0.236 P1.75-0.265
P2.0-0.28 P2.5-0.335
Ƙididdigar ƙididdiga don ƙananan iyaka na babban diamita ita ce: d-Td, wanda shine ainihin girman-haƙuri na babban diamita na zaren.
Misali: M8 zaren waje 6h girman girman diamita: iyakar babba shine φ8, ƙananan iyaka shine φ8-0.212=φ7.788
c. Lissafi da juriya na babban diamita na zaren waje 6g
Bambancin magana na zaren waje na aji 6g (dangane da farar)
P0.8-0.024 P1.00-0.026 P1.25-0.028 P1.5-0.032 P1.25-0.024 P1.75 -0.034
P2.0-0.038 P2.5-0.042
Ƙididdigar ƙididdiga mafi girma d-ges shine ainihin girman babban diamita na zaren - karkacewar tunani
Ƙididdigar ƙananan ƙididdiga na d-ges-Td shine ainihin girman babban diamita na zaren - karkacewar datum - haƙuri.
Misali: M8 zaren waje 6g babban diamita babba ƙimar ƙimar φ8-0.028=φ7.972.
Ƙimar ƙarancin iyaka φ8-0.028-0.212=φ7.76
Lura: ① Babban diamita na zaren an ƙaddara ta hanyar diamita na sanda mai goge baki da kuma ƙimar bayanin martabar haƙori na zaren mirgina farantin / abin nadi, kuma ƙimar sa ya yi daidai da diamita na zaren dangane da kayan aikin blank da zare iri ɗaya. Wato idan tsakiyar diamita karami ne, babban diamita zai zama babba, sabanin haka idan tsakiyar ya yi girma, babban diamita zai zama karami.
② Don sassan da ke buƙatar maganin zafi da jiyya na ƙasa, la'akari da tsarin aiki, ya kamata a sarrafa nauyin zaren don zama sama da ƙananan iyaka na 6h da 0.04mm yayin samar da ainihin. Misali, zaren waje na M8 yana shafa (mirgina) Babban diamita na waya yakamata ya kasance sama da φ7.83 kuma ƙasa da 7.95.
4. Lissafi da haƙuri da diamita na zaren ciki
a. Ƙididdigar ƙididdiga na asali na ƙananan zare na ciki ƙananan diamita (D1)
Girman zaren asali = girman asali na zaren ciki - ƙimar ƙira ×
Misali: Asalin diamita na zaren ciki M8 shine 8-1.25 × 1.0825=6.646875≈6.647
b. Ƙididdigar ƙananan jurewar diamita (dangane da farar) da ƙananan ƙimar diamita na zaren ciki na 6H
P0.8 +0. 2 P1.0 +0. 236 P1.25 +0.265 P1.5 +0.3 P1.75 +0.335
P2.0 +0.375 P2.5 +0.48
Ƙarƙashin ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun ƙira na 6H zaren ciki na ciki D1+HE1 shine ainihin girman zaren ciki ƙaramin diamita + karkacewa.
Lura: Ƙimar son zuciya na ƙasa na matakin 6H shine "0"
Ƙididdigar ƙididdiga don ƙimar iyaka ta sama na zaren ciki na 6H shine = D1 + HE1 + TD1, wanda shine ainihin girman ƙananan diamita na zaren ciki + karkacewa + haƙuri.
Misali: Babban iyaka na ƙaramin diamita na 6H sa M8 zaren ciki shine 6.647+0=6.647
Matsakaicin ƙaramin diamita na 6H sa M8 zaren ciki shine 6.647+0+0.265=6.912
c. Ƙididdigar asali na asali na ƙananan diamita na ƙirar ciki 6G (bisa ga farar) da ƙananan ƙimar diamita
P0.8 +0.024 P1.0 +0.026 P1.25 +0.028 P1.5 +0.032 P1.75 +0.034
P2.0 +0.038 P2.5 +0.042
Ƙididdigar ƙananan iyaka na ƙananan diamita na 6G zaren ciki = D1 + GE1, wanda shine ainihin girman zaren ciki + karkacewa.
Misali: Ƙananan iyaka na ƙaramin diamita na 6G sa M8 zaren ciki shine 6.647+0.028=6.675
Ƙimar ƙimar ƙimar babba ta 6G sa M8 diamita zaren ciki D1+GE1+TD1 shine ainihin girman zaren ciki + karkacewa + haƙuri.
Misali: Babban iyaka na ƙaramin diamita na 6G sa M8 zaren ciki shine 6.647+0.028+0.265=6.94
Lura: ① Girman tsayin zaren ciki yana da alaƙa kai tsaye zuwa lokacin ɗaukar nauyin ɗaukar nauyi na zaren na ciki, don haka ya kamata ya kasance a cikin iyakar babba na 6H yayin samarwa mara kyau.
② Yayin aiki na zaren ciki, ƙananan diamita na zaren ciki zai yi tasiri a kan yadda ake amfani da kayan aiki na kayan aiki - famfo. Daga yanayin amfani, ƙananan diamita, mafi kyau, amma idan aka yi la'akari da cikakke, ana amfani da ƙananan diamita gaba ɗaya. Idan simintin ƙarfe ne ko ɓangaren aluminum, ya kamata a yi amfani da ƙananan iyaka zuwa matsakaicin matsakaicin ƙananan diamita.
③ Ƙananan diamita na zaren ciki 6G za a iya aiwatar da shi azaman 6H a cikin samar da komai. Madaidaicin matakin ya fi la'akari da rufin diamita na farar zaren. Sabili da haka, kawai girman diamita na famfo ana la'akari da shi yayin sarrafa zaren ba tare da la'akari da ƙananan diamita na ramin haske ba.
5. Ƙididdigar ƙididdiga ta hanyar ƙididdigewa guda ɗaya na fihirisar kai
Ƙididdigar ƙididdiga ta hanyar ƙididdigewa guda ɗaya: n=40/Z
n: shine adadin juyin da ya kamata mai raba kan ya juya
Z: daidai juzu'i na kayan aikin
40: Kafaffen adadin raba kai
Misali: Kididdigar milling hexagonal
Sauya cikin dabara: n=40/6
Lissafi: ① Sauƙaƙe juzu'i: Nemo mafi ƙanƙanta mai rarrabawa 2 kuma raba shi, wato, raba lambobi da ƙididdigewa da 2 a lokaci guda don samun 20/3. Yayin rage juzu'in, daidaitattun sassan sa ba su canzawa.
② Ƙirƙiri juzu'i: A wannan lokacin, ya dogara da ƙimar ƙima da ƙima; idan mai ƙididdigewa da ƙididdiga suna da girma, ƙididdigewa.
20÷3=6(2/3) ita ce darajar n, wato, mai raba kan ya kamata a juya sau 6 (2/3). A wannan lokacin, juzu'in ya zama lamba mai gauraya; Matsakaicin adadin gauraye, 6, shine lambar rabawa Shugaban yakamata ya juya 6 cikakke. Juzu'in 2/3 tare da juzu'i na iya zama 2/3 na juyi ɗaya kawai, kuma dole ne a sake ƙididdige shi a wannan lokacin.
③ Lissafin zaɓin farantin firikwensin: Dole ne a aiwatar da lissafin ƙasa da da'irar da'irar tare da taimakon farantin fiɗa na kan fiɗa. Mataki na farko a cikin lissafin shine fadada juzu'in 2/3 a lokaci guda. Misali: idan an fadada juzu'in sau 14 a lokaci guda, juzu'in shine 28/42; idan aka fadada sau 10 a lokaci guda, makin shine 20/30; idan an faɗaɗa sau 13 a lokaci guda, ƙimar shine 26/39… Ya kamata a zaɓi faɗaɗa mahara na ƙofa mai rarraba bisa ga adadin ramuka a cikin farantin nuni.
A wannan lokacin ya kamata ku kula da:
① Adadin ramukan da aka zaɓa don farantin nuni dole ne a rarraba ta hanyar ƙima 3. Misali, a cikin misalin da ya gabata, ramukan 42 shine sau 14 sau 3, ramuka 30 shine sau 10 sau 3, 39 shine sau 13 sau 3…
② Fadada juzu'i dole ne ya zama kamar yadda mai ƙididdigewa da ƙididdiga za su kasance a faɗaɗa lokaci guda kuma daidaitattun sassansu ba su canzawa, kamar a cikin misali.
28/42=2/3×14=(2×14)/(3×14); 20/30=2/3×10=(2×10)/(3×10);
26/39=2/3×13=(2×13)/(3×13)
An ƙididdige ƙididdiga na 42 na 28/42 ta amfani da ramukan 42 na lambar maƙasudi; mai lamba 28 yana gaba akan ramin sakawa na dabaran na sama sannan ya juya ta cikin rami 28, wato, ramin 29 shine madaidaicin ramin dabaran na yanzu, kuma 20/30 yana a 30 Ana juya farantin ramin gaba. kuma rami na 10 ko rami na 11 shine madaidaicin rami na al'ada. 26/39 shine ramin sakawa na epicycle bayan an juya farantin ramuka 39 gaba kuma rami na 26 shine rami na 27.
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Lokacin milling shida murabba'ai (shida daidai sassa), za ka iya amfani da 42 ramukan, 30 ramukan, 39 ramukan da sauran ramukan da aka ko'ina raba da 3 a matsayin fihirisa: da aiki ne don juya rike 6 sau, sa'an nan kuma ci gaba a kan matsayi. ramukan saman dabaran. Sannan juya 28+1/10+1/26+! rami zuwa ramin 29/11/27 a matsayin ramin sakawa na epicycle.
Misali 2: Lissafi don niƙa kayan haƙori 15.
Sauya cikin dabara: n=40/15
Yi lissafin n=2(2/3)
Juya cikakken da'irori 2 sannan zaɓi ramukan da ake rarrabawa da 3, kamar 24, 30, 39, 42.51.54.57, 66, da sauransu. Sa'an nan kuma kunna gaba akan farantin 16, 20, 26, 28, 34, 36, 38. , 44 Ƙara 1 rami, wato ramuka 17, 21, 27, 29, 35, 37, 39, da 45 a matsayin matsayi ramukan na epicycle.
Misali 3: Lissafin ƙididdigewa don niƙa haƙora 82.
Sauya cikin dabara: n=40/82
Yi lissafin n=20/41
Wato: kawai zaɓi farantin nuni mai ramuka 41, sannan ku juya ramuka 20+1 ko 21 akan ramin matsayi na sama a matsayin ramin matsayi na dabaran na yanzu.
Misali 4: Lissafin ƙididdiga don niƙa 51 hakora
Sauya dabarar n=40/51. Tun da ba za a iya ƙididdige maki a wannan lokacin ba, za ku iya zaɓar ramin kai tsaye, wato, zaɓi farantin alamar ramuka 51, sannan kunna ramukan 51+1 ko 52 akan rami na sama na dabaran a matsayin rami na yanzu. . Wato.
Misali 5: Lissafin ƙididdigewa don niƙa haƙora 100.
Sauya cikin dabara n=40/100
Yi lissafin n=4/10=12/30
Wato, zaɓi farantin nuni mai ramuka 30, sannan kunna ramuka 12+1 ko 13 akan ramin matsayi na sama a matsayin ramin matsayi na dabaran na yanzu.
Idan duk faranti ba su da adadin ramukan da ake buƙata don ƙididdigewa, ya kamata a yi amfani da hanyar ƙididdiga na fili don ƙididdigewa, wanda ba a haɗa shi cikin wannan hanyar lissafi ba. A zahirin samarwa, ana amfani da hobbing gabaɗaya, saboda ainihin aiki bayan lissafin ƙididdiga na fili yana da matukar wahala.
6. Ƙididdigar ƙididdiga don hexagon da aka rubuta a cikin da'irar
① Nemo ɓangarorin guda shida na da'irar D (S saman)
S=0.866D diamita ne × 0.866 (ƙididdigewa)
② Nemo diamita na da'irar (D) daga kishiyar gefen hexagon (S saman)
D=1.1547S shine kishiyar gefen × 1.1547 (ƙididdigewa)
7. Ƙididdigar ƙididdiga don ɓangarori shida masu gaba da juna da diagonals a cikin tsarin taken sanyi
① Nemo kishiyar gefen (S) na waje hexagon don nemo kishiyar kwana e
e=1.13s shine kishiyar gefen × 1.13
② Nemo kishiyar kwana (e) na hexagon ciki daga kishiyar gefen (s)
e = 1.14s shine kishiyar gefen × 1.14 (ƙididdigewa)
③ Yi lissafin diamita na kayan kai na kishiyar kusurwa (D) daga gefe (s) na babban hexagon
Ya kamata a lissafta diamita na da'irar (D) bisa ga (tsari na biyu a cikin 6) ɓangarorin biyu masu gaba da juna (s-jirgin sama) da ƙimar tsakiyar sa ya kamata a ƙara daidai, wato, D≥1.1547s. Za'a iya ƙididdige adadin kuɗin cibiyar kawai.
8. Ƙididdigar ƙididdiga don murabba'i da aka rubuta a cikin da'irar
① Nemo kishiyar gefen murabba'in (S surface) daga da'irar (D)
S=0.7071D diamita ne × 0.7071
② Nemo da'irar (D) daga ɓangarorin biyu na murabba'i huɗu (S saman)
D = 1.414S shine gefen gaba × 1.414
9. Ƙididdigar ƙididdiga don ɓangarori huɗu masu gaba da juna da sasanninta na tsarin jigon sanyi
① Nemo kishiyar kwana (e) na gefe (S) na filin waje
e=1.4s, wato, kishiyar gefen (s) × 1.4 siga
② Nemo kishiyar kwana (e) na bangarorin hudu na ciki (s)
e = 1.45s shine kishiyar gefen (s) × 1.45 ƙididdiga
10. Ƙididdigar ƙididdiga na ƙarar hexagonal
s20.866 × H/m/k yana nufin kishiyar gefe × gefe × 0.866 × tsawo ko kauri.
11. Ƙididdigar ƙididdiga don ƙarar mazugi da aka yanke (mazugi)
0.262H (D2+d2+D ×d) shine 0.262× tsayi ×(babban diamita na kai × babban diamita na kai
12. Ƙididdigar ƙididdiga na ƙirar jiki mai siffar zobe (kamar kai mai madauwari)
3.1416h2(Rh/3) shine 3.1416× tsawo × tsawo ×(radius-tsawo÷3).
13. Ƙididdigar ƙididdiga don sarrafa girman famfo don zaren ciki
1. Lissafin babban diamita na famfo D0
D0=D+(0.866025P/8)×(0.5~1.3), wato, ainihin girman babban zaren diamita na famfo+0.866025 pitch÷8×0.5 zuwa 1.3.
Lura: Zaɓin 0.5 zuwa 1.3 yakamata a tabbatar da girman girman filin. Girman darajar farar, ƙarami ya kamata a yi amfani da ƙima. Akasin haka,
Karamin ƙimar farar shine, mafi girman ƙima zai kasance.
2. Lissafin diamita na fam ɗin famfo (D2)
D2=(3×0.866025P)/8 wato tap pitch=3×0.866025×thread pitch÷8
3. Lissafin diamita na famfo (D1)
D1=(5×0.866025P)/8 wato, matsa diamita=5×0.866025×thread pitch÷8
14. Ƙididdigar ƙididdiga don tsawon kayan da aka yi amfani da su don gyare-gyaren sanyi na nau'i daban-daban
Sanin: Ƙa'idar ƙarar da'irar ita ce diamita × diamita × 0.7854 × tsawo ko radius × radius × 3.1416 × tsawon. D2×0.7854×L ko R2×3.1416×L
Lokacin ƙididdigewa, ƙarar kayan da ake buƙata shine X÷ diamita ÷ diamita ÷ 0.7854 ko X÷radius÷radius÷3.1416, wanda shine tsawon abincin.
Ƙimar ginshiƙi = X/(3.1416R2) ko X/0.7854d2
X a cikin dabara yana wakiltar ƙarar kayan da ake buƙata;
L yana wakiltar ainihin ƙimar tsawon ciyarwa;
R/d yana wakiltar ainihin radius ko diamita na kayan da aka ciyar.
Lokacin aikawa: Nuwamba-06-2023
