1. dakatar da umarni
G04X (U) _/P_ yana nufin lokacin dakatawar kayan aiki (tashawar ciyarwa, igiya baya tsayawa), kuma ƙimar bayan adireshin P ko X shine lokacin dakatarwa. Darajar bayan
Misali, G04X2.0; ko G04X2000; dakatar da dakika 2
G04P2000;
Koyaya, a cikin wasu umarnin sarrafa tsarin rami (kamar G82, G88 da G89), don tabbatar da daidaiton ramin ƙasa, akwai lokacin dakatarwa lokacin da kayan aikin ke aiwatarwa zuwa ƙasan rami. A wannan lokacin, ana iya bayyana shi kawai ta adireshin P. Idan Adireshin X ya nuna cewa tsarin sarrafawa yana ɗaukar X a matsayin darajar haɗin haɗin X-axis kuma yana aiwatar da shi.
Misali, G82X100.0Y100.0Z-20.0R5.0F200P2000; rawar jiki (100.0, 100.0) zuwa kasan ramin kuma dakata na 2 seconds
G82X100.0Y100.0Z-20.0R5.0F200X2.0; hakowa (2.0, 100.0) zuwa kasan ramin ba tare da tsayawa ba.
2. Bambance-bambance da haɗin kai tsakanin M00, M01, M02 da M30
M00 umarni ne na dakatarwa mara sharadi don shirin. Lokacin da aka aiwatar da shirin, ciyarwar ta tsaya kuma igiya ta tsaya. Don sake kunna shirin, dole ne ka fara komawa jihar JOG, danna CW (spindle forward) don fara sandar, sannan komawa zuwa jihar AUTO, danna maɓallin START don fara shirin.
M01 umarni ne na zaɓin dakatarwa. Kafin a aiwatar da shirin, dole ne a kunna maɓallin OPSTOP akan kwamitin gudanarwa. Tasirin bayan aiwatarwa daidai yake da M00. Dole ne a sake kunna shirin kamar yadda yake sama.
Ana amfani da M00 da M01 sau da yawa don dubawa ko cire guntu girman aikin aiki yayin aiki.
M02 shine babban koyarwar ƙarshen shirin. Lokacin da aka aiwatar da wannan umarni, ciyarwar tana tsayawa, sandal ɗin yana tsayawa, kuma ana kashe mai sanyaya. Amma siginan kwamfuta yana tsayawa a ƙarshen shirin.
M30 shine babban umarnin ƙarshen shirin. Ayyukan iri ɗaya ne da M02, bambancin shine cewa siginan kwamfuta ya koma matsayin shugaban shirin, ba tare da la'akari da ko akwai wasu sassan shirin bayan M30 ba.
3. Adireshi D da H suna da ma'ana iri ɗaya
Siffofin diyya na kayan aiki D da H suna da aiki iri ɗaya kuma ana iya musanya su ta yadda ake so. Dukansu suna wakiltar sunan adireshin rajista na ramuwa a cikin tsarin CNC, amma takamaiman ƙimar diyya an ƙaddara ta adireshin lambar diyya a bayansu. Duk da haka, a cikin machining cibiyoyin, domin ya hana kurakurai, shi ne gaba ɗaya artificially kayyade cewa H shine adireshin diyya tsawon kayan aiki, lambar diyya daga 1 zuwa 20, D shine adireshin radiyo na kayan aiki, kuma lambar diyya tana farawa daga No. 21 (mujallar kayan aiki tare da kayan aiki 20).
Misali, G00G43H1Z100.0;
G01G41D21X20.0Y35.0F200;
4. Umarnin madubi
Umarnin sarrafa hoton madubi M21, M22, M23. Lokacin da kawai X-axis ko Y-axis ke madubi, jerin yankan (hawan hawa da sama-yanke milling), jagorar ramuwa na kayan aiki, da tuƙi na arc interpolation za su kasance gaba da ainihin shirin, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin Hoto 1. Lokacin da X -axis da Y-axis suna madubi a lokaci guda, jerin ciyarwar kayan aiki, jagorar ramuwa na kayan aiki, da tuƙi na arc interpolation ba su canzawa.
Lura: Bayan amfani da umarnin madubi, dole ne ka yi amfani da M23 don soke shi don guje wa shafar shirye-shirye na gaba. A cikin yanayin G90, lokacin amfani da hoton madubi ko soke umarnin, dole ne ku koma asalin tsarin haɗin gwiwar aikin kafin a iya amfani da shi. In ba haka ba, tsarin CNC ba zai iya lissafin yanayin motsi na gaba ba, kuma motsi na kayan aiki bazuwar zai faru. A wannan lokacin, dole ne a yi aikin dawo da asalin da hannu don magance matsalar. Juyawan sandal ba ya canzawa tare da umarnin hoton madubi.
Hoto 1: Diyya na kayan aiki, gaba da baya canje-canje yayin madubi
5. Umarnin interpolation Arc
G02 shine madaidaicin agogon agogo, G03 madaidaicin agogo. A cikin jirgin XY, tsarin shine kamar haka: G02/G03X_Y_I_K_F_ ko G02/G
03X_Y_R_F_, ku
Lokacin yankan baka, da fatan za a lura cewa lokacin q≤180 °, R yana da ƙima mai kyau; lokacin da q> 180 °, R shine mummunan darajar; Hakanan ana iya siffanta I da K tare da R. Lokacin da aka ƙayyade duka biyu a lokaci ɗaya, umarnin R yana ɗaukar fifiko, kuma I, K ba shi da inganci; R ba zai iya yin cikakken yankan da'irar ba, kuma za'a iya tsara cikakken da'irar da I, J, da K, saboda akwai da'irori marasa adadi waɗanda radius iri ɗaya ke wucewa ta wuri ɗaya, kamar yadda aka nuna a hoto na 2.
Hoto 2 Da'irar da ke wucewa ta wuri guda
Lokacin da ni da K sun zama sifili, ana iya barin su; ba tare da la'akari da yanayin G90 ko G91 ba, I, J, da K an tsara su bisa ga haɗin gwiwar dangi; A lokacin tsaka-tsakin baka, ba za a iya amfani da umarnin ramuwa na kayan aiki G41/G42 ba.
6. Abũbuwan amfãni da rashin amfani tsakanin G92 da G54 ~ G59
G54 ~ G59 shine tsarin daidaitawa da aka saita kafin sarrafawa, kuma G92 shine tsarin daidaitawa da aka saita a cikin shirin. Bayan amfani da G54 ~ G59, babu buƙatar sake amfani da G92, in ba haka ba G54 ~ G59 za a maye gurbin kuma ya kamata a kauce masa, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin Table 1.
Tebur 1 Bambanci tsakanin G92 da tsarin haɗin gwiwar aiki
Note: (1) Da zarar G92 aka yi amfani da saita tsarin daidaitawa, ta yin amfani da G54 ~ G59 sake ba zai yi wani tasiri sai dai idan tsarin da aka powered kashe da kuma restarted, ko G92 da ake amfani da su saita da ake bukata sabon workpiece daidaita tsarin. (2) Bayan shirin ta amfani da G92 ya ƙare, idan kayan aikin injin bai dawo ba?
Idan asalin da aka saita ta 羾92 ya sake farawa, matsayi na yanzu na kayan aikin injin zai zama sabon tushen daidaitawa na aiki, wanda ke da haɗari ga haɗari. Don haka, ina fata masu karatu za su yi amfani da shi tare da taka tsantsan.
7. Shirya kayan aiki canza subbroutine.
A kan cibiyar injin, canje-canjen kayan aiki ba makawa ne. Koyaya, kayan aikin injin yana da ƙayyadaddun canjin kayan aiki lokacin da ya bar masana'anta. Idan ba a wurin canjin kayan aiki ba, ba za a iya canza kayan aiki ba. Bugu da ƙari, kafin canjin kayan aiki, dole ne a soke diyya na kayan aiki da zagayowar, igiya ta tsaya, kuma an kashe mai sanyaya. Akwai sharudda da yawa. Idan dole ne a tabbatar da waɗannan sharuɗɗan kafin kowane canji na kayan aikin hannu, ba kawai zai zama mai saurin kuskure ba amma kuma ba zai iya aiki ba. Saboda haka, za mu iya tattara shirin canza kayan aiki don adana shi da amfani da shi a cikin jihar DI. Kira M98 na iya kammala aikin sauya kayan aiki a tafi ɗaya.
Ɗaukar cibiyar mashin ɗin PMC-10V20 a matsayin misali, shirin shine kamar haka:
O2002; (sunan shirin)
G80G40G49; (Soke kafaffen sake zagayowar da diyya na kayan aiki)
M05; (Spindle tsayawa)
M09; (kashe sanyi)
G91G30Z0; (Z axis ya koma asalin na biyu, wanda shine wurin canza kayan aiki)
M06; (canjin kayan aiki)
M99; (Karshen subroutine)
Lokacin da kake buƙatar canza kayan aiki, kawai kuna buƙatar rubuta "T5M98P2002" a cikin jihar MDI don maye gurbin kayan aikin da ake buƙata T5, don haka guje wa kurakurai marasa mahimmanci. Masu karatu za su iya tattara kayan aikin da suka dace suna canza subroutines bisa ga halayen kayan aikin injin nasu.
8. sauran
Lambar jerin jerin shirye-shirye, wakilta ta adireshin N. Gabaɗaya, na'urar CNC kanta tana da iyakacin sararin ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya (64K). Domin adana sararin ajiya, an cire lambobi jerin sassan shirin. N kawai yana wakiltar lakabin sashin shirin, wanda zai iya sauƙaƙe bincike da gyara shirin. Ba shi da wani tasiri a kan aikin injin. Ana iya ƙara ko rage lambar jeri, kuma ba a buƙatar ci gaba da ƙimar. Koyaya, ba za'a iya tsallake shi lokacin amfani da takamaiman umarnin madauki, umarnin tsalle, kiran subroutines da umarnin madubi.
9. A cikin sashin shirin guda ɗaya, don koyarwa iri ɗaya (halin adireshi ɗaya) ko rukunin umarni ɗaya, wanda ya bayyana daga baya zai fara aiki.
Misali, shirin canza kayan aiki, T2M06T3; ya maye gurbin T3 maimakon T2;
G01G00X50.0Y30.0F200; Ana aiwatar da G00 (ko da yake akwai ƙimar F, G01 ba a aiwatar da shi ba).
Lambobin koyarwa waɗanda ba su cikin rukuni ɗaya suna da tasiri iri ɗaya idan an aiwatar da su a sashin shirin guda ta hanyar musanya jeri.
G90G54G00X0Y0Z100.0;
G00G90G54X0Y0Z100.0;
An gudanar da duk abubuwan da ke sama kuma an wuce su akan cibiyar injin PMC-10V20 (FANUCSYSTEM). A aikace-aikace masu amfani, kawai zurfin fahimtar amfani da ka'idojin shirye-shirye na umarni daban-daban ake buƙata.
Kayan aikin Xinfa CNC suna da halaye na inganci mai kyau da ƙarancin farashi. Don cikakkun bayanai, da fatan za a ziyarci:
CNC Tools Manufacturers - China CNC Tools Factory & Suppliers (xinfatools.com)
Lokacin aikawa: Nuwamba-06-2023
