CNC machining shirye-shirye shi ne ya rubuta aiwatar da machining sassa, tsari sigogi, workpiece size, shugabanci na kayan aiki kaura da sauran karin ayyuka (kamar kayan aiki canza, sanyaya, loading da sauke workpieces, da dai sauransu) a cikin tsari na motsi da kuma a daidai da tsarin shirye-shirye don rubuta takaddun shirin ta amfani da lambobin koyarwa. tsari na. Jerin shirye-shiryen da aka rubuta shine jerin shirye-shiryen sarrafawa.
Kayan aikin Xinfa CNC suna da halaye na inganci mai kyau da ƙarancin farashi. Don cikakkun bayanai, da fatan za a ziyarci:
CNC Tools Manufacturers - China CNC Tools Factory & Suppliers (xinfatools.com)
Ƙaddamar da tsarin daidaita kayan aikin inji da jagorancin motsi
Tsarukan daidaitawa guda uku na motsi na linzamin linzamin na'ura X, Y, da Z sun ɗauki tsarin daidaitawa mai rectangular Cartesian na hannun dama, kamar yadda aka nuna a hoto 11-6. Tsarin ma'anar ma'anar axes ɗin haɗin gwiwa shine don tantance axis Z da farko, sannan axis X, kuma a ƙarshe axis Y. Don kayan aikin injin da ke jujjuya kayan aiki (kamar lathes), jagorar kayan aikin daga kayan aikin shine kyakkyawan shugabanci na Duba, madaidaiciyar jagorar ita ce madaidaiciyar axis X.
Tsarukan daidaitawar axis guda uku suna daidaita da gatura masu daidaitawa na X, Y, da Z bi da bi, kuma ana ɗaukar jagorar gaba na zaren hannun dama azaman jagora mai kyau.
Umarnin asali don lathes CNC
1) Tsarin shirin
Shirin sarrafawa yawanci ya ƙunshi sassa uku: farawa shirin, abun ciki na shirin da ƙarshen shirin.
Farkon shirin shine lambar shirin, wanda ake amfani da shi don gano farkon shirin sarrafa shi. Lambar shirin yawanci ana wakilta ta da harafin "%" mai lambobi huɗu.
Ana iya nuna ƙarshen shirin ta ayyuka na taimako M02 (ƙarshen shirin), M30 (ƙarshen shirin, komawa zuwa wurin farawa), da sauransu.
Babban abin da ke cikin shirin ya ƙunshi sassan shirye-shirye da yawa (BLOCK). Bangaren shirin ya ƙunshi kalmomi ɗaya ko da yawa na bayanai. Kowace kalmar bayani ta ƙunshi haruffan adireshi da haruffan bayanai. Kalmar bayani ita ce mafi ƙanƙanta sashin koyarwa. (Lokacin da babu mai ja-gora da kai, yana da matuƙar jinkiri a gare ka ka dogara da iyawarka, ko kuma ka haye ka tara kaɗan da kanka. Idan wasu sun koya maka ƙwarewarsu, za ka iya guje wa ɓangarorin da yawa.
2) Tsarin sashin shirin
A halin yanzu, tsarin sashin shirin adireshin kalmar ana amfani da shi akai-akai, kuma mizanin aikace-aikacen shine JB3832-85.
Mai zuwa shine tsarin sashin shirin adireshin kalma na yau da kullun:
N001 G01 X60.0 Z-20.0 F150 S200 T0101 M03 LF
Daga cikin su, N001-yana wakiltar sashin farko na shirin
G01- yana nuna haɗin kai tsaye
X60.0 Z-20.0 - yana wakiltar adadin motsi a cikin hanyoyin daidaitawa na X da Z bi da bi.
F, S, T - suna wakiltar saurin ciyarwa, saurin igiya da lambar kayan aiki bi da bi
M03 - Yana nuna cewa igiya tana juyawa zuwa agogo
LF - yana nuna ƙarshen ɓangaren shirin
3) Lambobin ayyuka na asali a cikin tsarin CNC
(1) Lambar sashin shirin: N10, N20…
(2) Ayyukan shiri: G00-G99 aiki ne wanda ke ba na'urar CNC damar yin wasu ayyuka.
Lambobin G sun kasu kashi biyu: lambobin modal da lambobin da ba na zamani ba. Abin da ake kira modal code yana nufin cewa da zarar an ayyana takamaiman lambar G (G01), koyaushe tana aiki har sai an yi amfani da rukunin G codes guda ɗaya (G03) a ɓangaren shirin na gaba don maye gurbinsa. Lambar da ba ta dace ba tana aiki ne kawai a cikin ƙayyadadden sashin shirin kuma dole ne a sake rubutawa lokacin da ake buƙata a sashin shirin na gaba (kamar G04). WeChat sarrafa ƙarfe ya cancanci kulawar ku.
a. Umurnin saka maki mai sauri G00
Umurnin G00 shine lambar modal, wanda ke ba da umarnin kayan aiki don matsawa da sauri daga wurin da kayan aiki yake zuwa matsayi na gaba na gaba a cikin sarrafa matsayi. Kawai don matsayi mai sauri ba tare da buƙatun yanayin motsi ba.
Tsarin rubutun umarni shine: G00 Hadarin da ke ƙasa ya fi haɗari.
b. Umurnin shiga tsakani na layin G01
Koyarwar tsaka-tsakin linzamin kwamfuta koyarwar motsi ce ta linzamin kwamfuta kuma ita ce lambar modal. Yana ba da umarnin kayan aiki don yin motsi na layi tare da kowane gangara tsakanin daidaitawa biyu ko daidaitawa uku a cikin hanyar haɗin kai a ƙayyadadden ƙimar ciyarwar F (raka'a: mm/min).
Tsarin rubutun umarni shine: G01 X_Z_F_; umurnin F kuma umarni ne na modal, kuma ana iya soke shi tare da umurnin G00. Idan babu umarnin F a cikin toshe kafin toshe G01, kayan aikin injin ba zai motsa ba. Don haka, dole ne a sami umarnin F a cikin shirin G01.
c. Umarnin interpolation Arc G02/G03 (amfani da haɗin gwiwar Cartesian don yin hukunci)
Umurnin shiga tsakani na baka yana umurtar kayan aiki don yin motsi madauwari a cikin ƙayyadadden jirgin sama a ƙimar ciyarwar F da aka ba don yanke kwandon baka. Lokacin sarrafa baka akan lathe, dole ne ba kawai kayi amfani da G02/G03 don nuna alamar agogo da agogo baya na baka ba, sannan kayi amfani da XZ don tantance madaidaitan ma'auni na ƙarshen, amma kuma saka radius na baka.
Tsarin rubutun umarni shine: G02/G03 X_Z_R_;
(3) Ayyuka masu taimako: ana amfani da su don tantance ayyukan taimako na kayan aikin injin (kamar farawa da tsayawa na kayan aikin injin, tuƙi, yankan ruwa mai canza ruwa, tuƙin sandal, ƙulla kayan aiki da sassautawa, da sauransu).
M00 - Dakatawar shirin
M01 - An dakatar da shirin shirin
M02 - Ƙarshen shirin
M03 - Juyawa gaba (CW)
M04-Spindle baya (CCW)
M05 - Tasha
M06 - Canjin kayan aiki a cibiyar injina
M07, M08-mai sanyaya a kunne
M09 - Mai sanyi
M10 - clamping workpiece
M11 - An saki kayan aiki
M30 - Ƙarshen shirin, komawa zuwa wurin farawa
Dole ne a yi amfani da umarnin M05 tsakanin umarnin M03 da M04 don dakatar da igiya.
(4) Aikin ciyarwa F
Idan ana amfani da hanyar zayyana kai tsaye, rubuta saurin ciyarwar da ake buƙata kai tsaye bayan F, kamar F1000, wanda ke nufin ƙimar ciyarwar shine 1000mm/min; lokacin juya zaren, taɓawa da zaren, tunda saurin ciyarwa yana da alaƙa da saurin igiya, Lamba bayan F shine ƙayyadadden gubar.
(5) Aikin Spindle S
S yana ƙayyadadden saurin igiya, kamar S800, wanda ke nufin saurin igiya shine 800r/min.
(6) Kayan aiki T
Umurci tsarin CNC don canza kayan aiki, kuma amfani da adireshin T da lambobi 4 masu zuwa don ƙayyade lambar kayan aiki da lambar ramuwa na kayan aiki (lambar kashe kayan aiki). Lambobin farko 2 sune lambar serial na kayan aiki: 0 ~ 99, kuma lambobi 2 na ƙarshe sune lambar diyya na kayan aiki: 0 ~ 32. Bayan an sarrafa kowane kayan aiki, dole ne a soke biyan diyya na kayan aiki.
Lambar serial na kayan aiki na iya dacewa da lambar matsayi na kayan aiki akan cutterhead;
Diyya na kayan aiki ya haɗa da diyya na siffa da ramuwa;
Lambar serial ɗin kayan aiki da lambar ramuwa na kayan aiki ba dole ba ne su zama iri ɗaya, amma suna iya zama iri ɗaya don dacewa.
A cikin na'urar CNC, ana gano rikodin shirin ta lambar shirin, wato kiran shirin ko gyara shirin dole ne a kira shi ta lambar shirin.
a. Tsarin lambar shirin: O;
Lambar bayan "O" tana wakiltar lambobi 4 (1 ~ 9999), kuma "0" ba a yarda ba.
b. Lambar jerin abubuwan shirin: Ƙara lambar jerin kafin sashin shirin, kamar: N;
Lambar bayan "O" tana wakiltar lambobi 4 (1 ~ 9999), kuma "0" ba a yarda ba.
Saitin tsarin daidaitawa na workpiece
An shigar da kayan aikin a kan chuck. Tsarin daidaita kayan aikin injin da tsarin daidaita tsarin aikin gabaɗaya ba su zo daidai ba. Domin sauƙaƙe shirye-shirye, ya kamata a kafa tsarin daidaitawa na workpiece ta yadda za a iya sarrafa kayan aikin a cikin wannan tsarin haɗin gwiwa.
G50XZ
Wannan umarnin yana ƙayyade nisa daga wurin farawa kayan aiki ko wurin canza kayan aiki zuwa asalin aikin. Masu daidaitawa X da Z sune farkon matakin tukwici na kayan aiki a cikin tsarin daidaitawa na workpiece.
Don kayan aikin injin CNC tare da aikin ramuwa na kayan aiki, ana iya rama kuskuren saitin kayan aiki ta hanyar kashe kayan aiki, don haka abubuwan da ake buƙata don daidaita kayan aikin injin ba su da ƙarfi.
Hanyoyin saitin kayan aiki na asali don lathes CNC
Akwai hanyoyin saitin kayan aiki guda uku da aka saba amfani da su: Hanyar saitin kayan aikin gwaji, saitin kayan aiki tare da saitin kayan aiki na inji, da saitin kayan aiki tare da saitin kayan aikin gani na gani.
Amfani da G50 UW na iya haifar da tsarin daidaitawa don canzawa, maye gurbin tsoffin dabi'un daidaitawa tare da sabbin dabi'un daidaitawa, da maye gurbin tsarin daidaita kayan aikin injin da tsarin daidaita tsarin aiki tare da juna. Ya kamata a lura cewa a cikin tsarin daidaitawa na kayan aiki na injin, ƙimar daidaitawa shine nisa tsakanin ma'aunin mai riƙe kayan aiki da asalin kayan aikin na'ura; yayin da a cikin workpiece daidaita tsarin, da daidaita darajar ne nisa tsakanin kayan aiki tip da workpiece asalin batu.
Lokacin aikawa: Mayu-27-2024
