1. Fim din Oxide:
Aluminum yana da sauƙi don oxidize a cikin iska da kuma lokacin waldawa. Sakamakon aluminum oxide (Al2O3) yana da babban wurin narkewa, yana da ƙarfi sosai, kuma yana da wuyar cirewa. Yana hana narkewa da haɗuwa da kayan iyaye. Fim ɗin oxide yana da ƙayyadaddun nauyi na musamman kuma ba shi da sauƙin yin iyo zuwa saman. Yana da sauƙi don haifar da lahani kamar haɗaɗɗen slag, haɗakar da ba ta cika ba, da shigar da ba ta cika ba.
Fim ɗin oxide na aluminium da kuma ɗaukar babban adadin danshi na iya haifar da pores a cikin walda. Kafin waldawa, ya kamata a yi amfani da hanyoyin sinadarai ko injina don tsaftace saman da kuma cire fim ɗin oxide na saman.
Ƙarfafa kariya yayin aikin walda don hana oxidation. Lokacin amfani da tungsten inert gas waldi, yi amfani da ikon AC don cire fim ɗin oxide ta hanyar "tsaftacewa cathode".
Lokacin amfani da waldawar iskar gas, yi amfani da juzu'in da ke cire fim ɗin oxide. Lokacin walda faranti mai kauri, ana iya ƙara zafin walda. Alal misali, helium arc yana da babban zafi, kuma ana amfani da helium ko argon-helium gauraye gas don kariya, ko kuma a yi amfani da walda mai narke mai girma mai narkewa. A cikin yanayin haɗi mai kyau na yanzu kai tsaye, "tsaftacewa cathode" ba a buƙata.
2. High thermal watsin
Ƙarfin wutar lantarki da ƙayyadaddun ƙarfin zafi na aluminum da aluminum gami sun kusan ninki biyu na ƙarfe na carbon da ƙananan ƙarfe. Thermal watsin aluminum ya fi sau goma na austenitic bakin karfe.
A lokacin aikin walda, za a iya gudanar da babban adadin zafi da sauri a cikin karfen tushe. Don haka, a lokacin walda aluminum da aluminum gami, baya ga makamashi da ake cinyewa a cikin narkakkar tafki, kuma mafi zafi da ake cinyewa ba dole ba a sauran sassa na karfe. Wannan Amfanin irin wannan nau'in makamashi mara amfani ya fi na walda na ƙarfe muhimmanci. Don samun haɗin haɗin welded masu inganci, ya kamata a yi amfani da makamashi mai ƙarfi da ƙarfi gwargwadon iyawa, kuma a wasu lokuta ana iya amfani da preheating da sauran matakan tsari.
3. Babban madaidaicin faɗaɗa haɓakawa, mai sauƙin lalata da samar da fasarar thermal
Matsakaicin faɗaɗa madaidaicin allo na aluminium da aluminium yana kusan ninki biyu na ƙarfe na carbon da ƙaramin ƙarfe. Ƙarar ƙarar ƙarar aluminum yayin ƙarfafawa yana da girma, kuma nakasawa da damuwa na walda suna da girma. Don haka, ana buƙatar ɗaukar matakan hana lalacewar walda.
Lokacin da tafkin narkakkar walda na aluminium ya ƙarfafa, yana da sauƙi don samar da raƙuman raguwa, raguwar porosity, fasa masu zafi da matsanancin damuwa na ciki.
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Ana iya ɗaukar matakai don daidaita abubuwan haɗin waya na walda da tsarin walda don hana faruwar fashewar zafi yayin samarwa. Idan juriyar lalata ta ba da izini, ana iya amfani da waya waldi na aluminum-silicon don walda alluran aluminium banda aluminum-magnesium gami. Lokacin da aluminium-silicon gami ya ƙunshi 0.5% silicon, yanayin fashewar zafi ya fi girma. Yayin da abun ciki na siliki ya karu, kewayon zafin jiki na crystallization na gami ya zama ƙarami, yawan ruwa yana ƙaruwa sosai, raguwar raguwar raguwa, kuma yanayin fashewar zafi shima yana raguwa daidai.
Dangane da ƙwarewar samarwa, fashewar zafi ba zai faru ba lokacin da abun ciki na silicon ya kasance 5% zuwa 6%, don haka amfani da SalSi tsiri (abun siliki 4.5% zuwa 6%) waya walda zai sami mafi kyawun juriya.
4. Sauƙaƙe narke hydrogen
Aluminum da aluminum gami na iya narkar da adadi mai yawa na hydrogen a cikin yanayin ruwa, amma da wuya su narkar da hydrogen a cikin ƙasa mai ƙarfi. A lokacin solidification da m sanyaya tsari na waldi pool, hydrogen ba shi da lokacin gudu, kuma hydrogen ramukan suna sauƙi kafa. Danshi a cikin yanayin ginshiƙin baka, danshin da fim ɗin oxide ya tallata a saman kayan walda da ƙarfen tushe duk mahimman tushen hydrogen a cikin walda. Saboda haka, dole ne a kula da tushen hydrogen sosai don hana samuwar pores.
5. Ƙungiyoyin haɗin gwiwa da yankunan da ke fama da zafi suna da sauƙi sauƙi
Abubuwan gami suna da sauƙi don ƙafewa da ƙonewa, wanda ke rage aikin walda.
Idan tushe karfe ne nakasawa-ƙarfafa ko m-solution shekaru-ƙarfafa, da walda zafi zai rage ƙarfin da zafi-tasiri yankin.
Aluminum yana da lattice mai siffar siffar fuska kuma ba shi da allotropes. Babu canjin lokaci yayin dumama da sanyaya. Kwayoyin walda sukan zama mara nauyi kuma ba za a iya tace hatsin ta canje-canjen lokaci ba.
Hanyar walda
Kusan hanyoyin walda iri-iri ana iya amfani da su wajen walda aluminium da aluminium, amma aluminium da na aluminium suna da mabanbantan daidaitawa ga hanyoyin walda daban-daban, kuma hanyoyin walda iri-iri suna da nasu lokutan aikace-aikace.
Hanyoyin waldawar iskar gas da hanyoyin waldawar baka suna da sauƙi a cikin kayan aiki da sauƙin aiki. Ana iya amfani da waldar gas don gyaran walda na zanen aluminum da simintin gyare-gyare waɗanda ba sa buƙatar ingancin walda. Za a iya amfani da waldawar bakan lantarki don gyara waldar simintin ƙarfe na aluminum gami.
Hanyar walda mai kariya ta iskar gas (TIG ko MIG) ita ce hanyar walda wacce aka fi amfani da ita don aluminium da aluminium gami.
Aluminum da aluminum gami zanen gado za a iya welded ta tungsten lantarki a madadin halin yanzu argon baka waldi ko tungsten lantarki bugun jini argon baka waldi.
Aluminum da aluminum gami lokacin farin ciki faranti za a iya sarrafa ta tungsten helium baka waldi, argon-helium gauraye tungsten baka waldi, gas karfe baka waldi, bugun jini karfe baka waldi. Gas karfe baka waldi da bugun jini gas karfe baka waldi ana ƙara amfani.
Lokacin aikawa: Yuli-25-2024
